Examples for convenience, we reproduce the item logic modal logic of principia metaphysica in which the modal logic is defined. Most generally speaking, a mode is a kind of state of being. Another introductory formal text that places fairly high demands on the reader. It is aimed primarily at logisticians in mathematics, philosophy, computer science and linguistics with an interest in algebraic logic, but is also accessible hagdegree those from a nonlogistics background. A semantic perspective 3 chapters in this handbook. Counterfactuals, neighborhood semantics, probability, predicative necessity, etc. Modal logic, formal systems incorporating modalities such as necessity, possibility, impossibility, contingency, strict implication, and certain other closely related concepts.
The concept of form 301 sentences and sentential forms in a logic 301 the relationship between sentences and sentenceforms 302 7. Modal logic is a textbook on modal logic, intended for readers already acquainted with the elements of formal logic. Takehome midterm exam covers propositional modal logic. Prominent modal logics are constructed from a weak logic called k after saul kripke. To read them, youll need to have either adobe acrobat or adobe acrobat reader installed. An opensource, customizable intermediate logic textbook openlogicproject openlogic. All content, except where otherwise noted, is provided under a creative commons 4. Humberstone 17 has proposed a semantics for modal logics based on partial. Chellas provides a systematic introduction to the principal ideas and results in contemporary treatments of modality, including theorems on completeness and decidability. Modal logic is an extension of classic propositional and predicate logic that allows the use of modal operators. The polytheistic approach to modal logics alethic modal logic.
Hardegree, algebraic methods in philosophical logic, oxford. Other logic textbooks openlogicprojectopenlogic wiki github. For example, the statement john is happy might be qualified by saying that john is usually happy, in which case the term usually is functioning as a modal. Model theory of modal logic 251 over the given frame in e. On the other hand, the passage from local to global semantics is achieved if one looks at truth in all states an abstraction through implicit universal. Introduction to modal logic free book at ebooks directory. A logical account of superpositions philsciarchive. Completeness and decidability of basic modal logic. An advanced, but very accessible, textbook focusing on the main technical results in the area.
Every effort has been made to simplify the presentation by using diagrams in place of more complex mathematical apparatus. In this tutorial, we give examples of the axioms, consider some rules of inference and in particular, the derived rule. Sets, logic, computation is an introductory textbook on metalogic. Purchase handbook of modal logic, volume 3 1st edition. They have incorporated all the new developments that have taken place since 1968 in both modal propositional logic and modal predicate logic. A concise introduction to logic by craig delancey open suny textbooks a concise introduction to logic is an introduction to formal logic suitable for undergraduates taking a general education course in logic or critical thinking, and is accessible and useful to any interested in gaining a basic understanding of logic. Translation exercises thanks to gary hardegree may 8. Lecture notes modal logic linguistics and philosophy. The most straightforward way of constructing a modal logic is to add to some standard nonmodal logical system a new. They have incorporated all the new developments that have taken place since 1968 in both modal propositional logic and modal predicate logic, without sacrificing tha clarity of exposition and approachability that were essential features of their.
Open logic project open source, customizable, advanced. Modal logic can be viewed broadly as the logic of different sorts of modalities, or modes of truth. Partiality and adjointness in modal logic uc berkeley philosophy. Jun 27, 2019 hardegree logic pdf buy symbolic logic. Instead, we obtain a modal logic with both normal and nonnormal modalities, together with additional axiom that speci. Model theory of modal logic introduction ps pdf authors. Translation exercises thanks to gary hardegree may 8 homework assigned so far packet 1. Whereas system l is the strongest nontrivial normal modal logic, system k is the weakest normal modal logic. Introduction in the previous chapters, we have examined two modal systems system l and system k. Second, many results can be understood more readily in the abstract setting. Handbook of modal logic edited by johan van benthem, patrick blackburn and frank wolter. A new introduction to modal logic is an entirely new work, completely rewritten by the authors. Advanced truthtable techniques 294 corrected truthtables 294 reduced truthtables 297 6. Hardegree, algebraic methods in philosophical logic.
An opensource, customizable intermediate logic textbook openlogicprojectopenlogic. This longawaited book replaces hughes and cresswells two classic studies of modal logic. Interestingly, the classical version of our logic is not a normal modal logic, even in the case of relational semantics. W is called our universe and elements of w are called worlds r is a relation on w. These readings will be sent out usually one or two weeks before the relevant class period, and.
Modern origins of modal logic stanford encyclopedia of. Handout 15 tree conversion metatheory for quantified modal logic april 10 pages 5960. Introduction one of the most fertile ideas in modal logic and metaphysics traces to leibniz, who proposed the following famous account of necessity. Handout 14 trees for quantified modal logic april 8 pages 5658. In this tutorial, we give examples of the axioms, consider some rules of inference and in particular, the derived rule of necessitation, and then draw out some consequences. Examples for convenience, we reproduce the item logicmodal logic of principia metaphysica in which the modal logic is defined. Generally this involves the study of two operators. Revealing modal status and modal relations 279 modal status 279 modal relations 284 deductive validity 290 5. Thus, whenever we say modal logic, we always mean propositional unimodal logic, modal logics without quanti. We also consider the logic and semantics in classical setting. Ian horrocks, ullrich hustadt, ulrike sattler, renate schmidt. These notes are meant to present the basic facts about modal logic and so to provide a common ground for.
Ambitious new work by one of the worlds leading philosophers. In the present chapter, we examine a number of intermediate systems. Pdf in the psychological literature on reasoning it has always been assumed that if there is such a thing as mental logic, it must be a set of. An introduction to modal logic 2009 formosan summer school on logic, language, and computation 29 june10 july, 2009. To compile the source code into a pdf yourself, you need latex. We extend modal logic with modalities and axioms, the latters modeling. A modala word that expresses a modalityqualifies a statement. The open logic project is a collection of teaching materials on mathematical logic aimed at a nonmathematical audience, intended for use in advanced logic courses as taught in many philosophy departments. Further background on modal logic can be found in the book by fitting and mendelsohn fm99.
A nice introduction to modal logic though somewhat outdated. This very extensive volume represents the current statofa airs in modal logic. Modal logicians, familiar with the many advances in temporal logics. Further instructions on compiling pdfs from the latex source can be found in the wiki. A first course on free shipping on qualified orders. Reddit gives you the best of the internet in one place.
Introduction to modal logic download link ebooks directory. For example, your hair dryer will have typically have at least two modes. Simulation logic us naval research laboratory navy. Computational modal logic introduction ps pdf authors.
The course requires a version of gary hardegrees symbolic logic. Handout 16 expanding substitutional to intensional models april 15. Covers propositional modal logic only, but has a very complete discussion of the various systems that come between k and s5. This book presupposes that readers know the attractions and power of this approach, including the notions of logical syntax, semantics, proof, and metatheory of formal systems. Modal logic for philosophers designed for use by philosophy students, this book provides an accessible yet technically sound treatment of modal logic and its philosophical applications. The chellas text in uenced me the most, though the order of presentation is inspired more by goldblatt. A new textbook on modal logic providing a modern introduction to modal logic. Modal logic as metaphysics hardcover timothy williamson. Basic concepts in this chapter we recollect some basic facts concerning modal logic, concentrating on completeness theory. Model theory of modal logic 3 over the given frame in e. Modal logic is a type of formal logic primarily developed in the 1960s that extends classical propositional and predicate logic to include operators expressing modality. As an excellent background on modal logic, these notes are also partly based on a manuscript by schmitt sch03 and the book by hughes and cresswell hc96. An introduction to modal logic and a companion to modal logic. The term modal logic refers to an enrichment of standard formal logic where the standard operations and, or, not, implication and perhaps forall, etc.
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